Artificial Gravity

Artificial gravity is a concept that is ubiquitous in our science fiction yet elusive in our space program. Why is this? And how could we develop artificial gravity soon? In a Cool Worlds special, this video essay goes in depth on the topic discussing why centrifuges are the most plausible solution and early ideas on the topic. Join us a journey from Einstein's equivalence principle, to O'Neill Cylinders and Stanford Tori; from Coriolis forces to near-term experiments. Grab a cup of a tea and enjoy.

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Chapters:

Academic articles used:

► Nesti et al. (2014), "Human sensitivity to vertical motion", Exp Brain Res., 232, 303

► Harris et al. (2014), "How Much Gravity Is Needed to Establish the Perceptual Upright?", PLoS One, 9, e106207(0.15g)

► Cohen et al. (2000), "Effects of Prolonged Centrifugation on Orthostasis", Aerospace Medical Association 72nd Annual Scientific Meeting 2001

► Graybiel et al. (1960), "Observations on Human Subjects Living in a 'Slow Rotation Room' for Periods of Two Days", Arch Neurol., 3, 55

► Theodore Hall (1993), "The Architecture of Artificial GravityArchetypes and Transformations of Terrestrial Design", PhD Thesis, University of Michigan

► Theodore Hall (2002), "Architectural Considerations for a Minimum Mass, Minimum Energy, Artificial Gravity Environment", SAE Technical paper Series,

► Online lecture by Theodore Hall in 2015 at SEEDS

► Holderman & Henderson (2011)

► Kirk Sorensen (2005), "A TetherBased VariableGravity Research Facility Concept"

Video materials used:

► Numerous NASA videos, in particular of ISS, the Dawn Mission, as well Stanford Torus video

► Nautilus X videos from f r a g o m a t i kand

► High G blackout videos from VIDSTORM

► Inner ear video from Fauquier ENT

► World Record 83 G Deceleration Peak on Rocket Sled 19580516 (1967) USAF

► SpaceX Falcon Heavy test flight

► "ORBIT A Journey Around Earth in Real Time" by Seán Doran

► MIT Coriolis demonstration

► MPI CyberMotion Simulator

► Not a video but thanks to Don Davis for his amazing images used

► Rotating simulators by Tom Lechner and William Hozaand

Filmclips, in order of appearance;

► Star Trek: The Original Series (1966-1967, Paramount)

► Star Trek: Enterprise (2001-2005, Paramount)

► Interstellar (2014, Warner Bros)

► 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968, Warner Bros)

► The Martian (2015, 20th Century Fox)

► Avatar (2009, 20th Century Fox)

► Elysium (2013, Sony Pictures)

Music is by Chris Zabriskie () and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (), in order of appearance;

► Cylinder Five ()

► Cylinder Nine ()

► Cylinder Three ()

► We Were Never Meant to Live Here ()

► That Hopeful Future Is All I've Ever Known ()

► The Sun is Scheduled to Come Out Tomorrow ()

► Cylinder Seven ()

► Cylinder Four ()

► Cylinder Eight ()

And also...

► Columbia University Department of Astronomy

► Cool Worlds Lab website

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