Antibodies in 99.3% of youth

Nearly all youth in England had COVID-19 antibodies by March 2022. Implications for vaccine policies?

27 June 2022

Results from Round 3

(3rd March to 25th March 2022)

Schools Infection Survey

Antibodies in secondary school pupils

N = 884

99.3% of had SARS-CoV-2 antibodies,

comprised of 64.9% who were vaccinated,

and 34.4% who were unvaccinated.

Antibodies in primary school pupils

N = 884

82.0% had SARS-CoV-2 antibodies,

comprised of 0.4% who were vaccinated,

and 81.6% who were unvaccinated.

Schools Infection Survey

The pupil antibody test used in

Oral fluid collection

Lower sensitivity than blood antibody tests, (estimated at 80.0%) for unvaccinated pupils.

Immunoglobulins in oral fluids are at least 1 per 1,000th of blood

Pupils were tested for

Anti-N (antibodies from natural infection),

and anti-S (antibodies from natural infection or vaccination)

Comparisons between Round 1, Round 2 and Round 3

Round 1 (10th November to 10th December)

Primary, 40.1%

Secondary, 82.4%

Round 2 (10th January to 3rd February)

Primary, 62.4%

Secondary, 96.6%

Round 3, (3rd March to 25th March 2022)

Primary, 82%

Secondary, 99.3%

Antibody testing in Round 3

Coronavirus cases in England were increasing

Omicron BA.1 variant times

UK infections

Week ending 18 June 2022

Likely caused by Omicron variants BA.4 and BA.5.

1,360,600 (1 in 40 people) in England

68,500 (1 in 45 people) in Wales

59,900 (1 in 30 people) in Northern Ireland

250,700 (1 in 20 people) in Scotland

Deaths

Coronavirus, 6th sixth leading cause of death in England and Wales

3.3% of deaths in both countries

In April 2022, COVID-19 was the third leading cause of death.

Causes of death, UK

Dementia and Alzheimer’s

Ischaemic heart disease

Cerebrovascular disease

Chronic lower respiratory disease

Cancer, trachea, bronchus, lung

Influenza and pneumonia

Ill-defined conditions

Cancer, colorectal

Cancer, lymphoid, haemopoietic

Deaths in the US

Heart disease, 23.1%

Cancer, 21.7%

Accidents, (unintentional) 5.9%

Chronic lower respiratory diseases, 5.6%

Stroke, 5.18%

Alzheimer’s 4.23%

Diabetes, 2.9%

Influenza and pneumonia, 1.88%

Kidney disease, 1.8%

Suicide, 1.64%

Septicemia, 1.42%

Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis, 1.39%