APUSH Review Unit 2 (Period 2: 1607-1754)—Everything You NEED To Know

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In this video Heimler walks you through everything you need to know about the AP U.S. History curriculum for Period 2 (1607-1754), Unit 2.

This unit is all about comparing the different methods and motives that various European powers employed to colonize the Americas. The Spanish colonized much of south, central, and north American with the intent to impose a new societal order on the native populations. The French and the Dutch, on the other hand, were far more interested in trade and therefore left a much smaller colonial footprint.

The English colonies in America began with the establishment of Jamestown in 1607. It was a pure profit seeking venture and most of the work was completed by indentured servants. Later, specifically as a result of Bacon's Rebellion, colonists would rely far more on African slavery.

The New England colonies, on the other hand, were populated by pilgrims in family groups who arrived not for profit but to establish a functioning society based on Puritan morals and polity.

The Middle colonies were characterized by diverse populations and, especially in the case of Pennsylvania, religious tolerance.

The colonies participated in a growing global trade network that spanned the Atlantic ocean called the Triangular Trade, in which raw materials, manufactured goods, and enslaved people were a part.

Once African slavery was part and parcel of the colonial fabric, it grew to unimaginable proportions because of the cultivation of tobacco and sugarcane. However, on many occasions the enslaved population rebelled, as the they did in the Stono Rebellion. Relations with the native population of America wasn't much better as is plain in Metacom's War.

British colonial society also underwent significant changes, especially in response to Enlightenment thought which taught them to long for protections of their natural rights. The violations of those rights became an occasion of lasting tension between the colonies and Britain.

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