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The SAVAGE German Conquest Latvia (1919) – How Rogue Freikorps Sacked Riga

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November 15, 2025

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In early 1919, following Germany’s defeat in World War I, volunteer units known as the Freikorps and the Baltic Landeswehr—a force of local Baltic Germans—launched a campaign to drive the Bolsheviks out of Latvia. Backed by the Western Allies and led by General Rüdiger von der Goltz, these troops entered Latvia under the pretext of fighting communism. By May 1919, they had recaptured Riga after fierce fighting against the Red Latvian Riflemen and Soviet forces, ending the short-lived Latvian Socialist Soviet Republic. However, their victory quickly turned violent, with thousands of suspected communists and civilians executed in what became known as the White Terror. Tensions between the German forces and the Latvian national government grew, culminating in a coup that temporarily installed a pro-German regime. The Freikorps were eventually defeated by Latvian and Estonian troops at the Battle of Wenden in June 1919, marking the end of German dominance in Latvia.

History Hustle presents: The SAVAGE German Conquest Latvia (1919) – How Rogue Freikorps Sacked Riga.

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SOURCES

– Russia in Flames. War, Revolution, Civil War, 1914 – 1921 (Laura Engelstein).

– The Vanquished, Why the First World War Failed to End, 1917-1923 (Robert Gerwarth).

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Russian Soldiers (1914-1916)

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How Rogue Freikorps Sacked RigaWorld War IBaltic LandeswehraBaltic GermanslaunchedLatvia BackedWestern AlliesGeneral RdigerBy May

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The SAVAGE German Conquest Latvia (1919) – How Rogue Freikorps Sacked Riga · History Hustle · Sentinel