Controversial P-factor: Unifying Mental Illness

Is there a common psychopathology (p) factor that accounts for all mental illnesses? Join the hottest controversy in psychology and psychiatry!

LITERATURE

The seed of suffering

The p-factor is the dark matter of psychiatry: an invisible, unifying force that might lie behind a multitude of mental disorders

Alex Riley

Lahey BB, Applegate B, Hakes JK, Zald DH, Hariri AR, Rathouz PJ. Is there a general factor of prevalent psychopathology during adulthood? J Abnorm Psychol. 2012 Nov;121(4):971-7. doi: 10.1037/a0028355. Epub 2012 Jul 30. PMID: 22845652; PMCID: PMC4134439.

Achenbach TM. The classification of children's psychiatric symptoms: a factor-analytic study. Psychol Monogr. 1966;80(7):1-37. doi: 10.1037/h0093906. PMID: 5968338.

Caspi A, Houts RM, Belsky DW, Goldman-Mellor SJ, Harrington H, Israel S, Meier MH, Ramrakha S, Shalev I, Poulton R, Moffitt TE. The p Factor: One General Psychopathology Factor in the Structure of Psychiatric Disorders? Clin Psychol Sci. 2014 Mar;2(2):119-137. doi: 10.1177/2167702613497473. PMID: 25360393; PMCID: PMC4209412.

van Bork, R., Epskamp, S., Rhemtulla, M., Borsboom, D., & van der Maas, H. L. J. (2017). What is the pfactor of psychopathology? Some risks of general factor modeling. Theory & Psychology, 27(6), 759773.

Caspi A, Houts RM, Ambler A, et al. Longitudinal Assessment of Mental Health Disorders and Comorbidities Across 4 Decades Among Participants in the Dunedin Birth Cohort Study. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(4):e203221. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3221

Plana-Ripoll O, Pedersen CB, Holtz Y, et al. Exploring Comorbidity Within Mental Disorders Among a Danish National Population. JAMA Psychiatry. 2019;76(3):259–270. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.3658

Kessler RC, Amminger GP, Aguilar-Gaxiola S, Alonso J, Lee S, Ustün TB. Age of onset of mental disorders: a review of recent literature. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2007 Jul;20(4):359-64. doi: 10.1097/YCO.0b013e32816ebc8c. PMID: 17551351; PMCID: PMC1925038.

Elliott ML, Romer A, Knodt AR, Hariri AR. A Connectome-wide Functional Signature of Transdiagnostic Risk for Mental Illness. Biol Psychiatry. 2018 Sep 15;84(6):452-459. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.03.012. Epub 2018 Apr 10. PMID: 29779670; PMCID: PMC6119080.

Lichtenstein P, Yip BH, Björk C, Pawitan Y, Cannon TD, Sullivan PF, Hultman CM. Common genetic determinants of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in Swedish families: a population-based study. Lancet. 2009 Jan 17;373(9659):234-9. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60072-6. PMID: 19150704; PMCID: PMC3879718.

Pettersson E, Larsson H, Lichtenstein P. Common psychiatric disorders share the same genetic origin: a multivariate sibling study of the Swedish population. Mol Psychiatry. 2016 May;21(5):717-21. doi: 10.1038/mp.2015.116. Epub 2015 Aug 25. PMID: 26303662.

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