Eating Disorders: Defining Behaviors (NEW STUDY)

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LITERATURE

Beyond the Checklist: A large-scale analysis of under-recognised weight loss behaviours in individuals with eating disorders

Saakshi Kakar, Una Foye, Helena L. Davies, Elisavet Palaiologou, Chelsea M. Malouf, Laura Meldrum, Iona Smith, Gursharan Kalsi, Karina L. Allen, Gerome Breen, Moritz Herle, Christopher Hübel

medRxiv 2025.02.17.25322397; doi

"Four Behavioral Themes in eating disorders

• Restriction-based approaches included weight-loss diets, calorie counting, restrictive eating patterns, participation in weight-loss groups such as Weight Watchers, and limiting fluid intake.

• Medical interventions encompassed bariatric surgery, off-label prescription medications such as metformin used to treat type 2 diabetes, methylphenidate used to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and levothyroxine used to treat hypothyroidism, weight-loss injections such as Ozempic, and appetite suppressants such as caffeine and smoking.

• Body manipulation tactics can include wearing compression garments that restrict the stomach, using stimulants or other illicit drugs, lowering body temperature, inducing sweating, intentionally consuming foods incompatible with known intolerances (eg, gluten) to cause discomfort and suppress appetite, engaging in micro-exercise such as constant fidgeting or leg shaking, chewing gum, depriving oneself of sleep, or overeating to trigger vomiting.

• Food avoidance behaviors may involve chewing and spitting out food without swallowing, hiding food, consuming nonfood items such as cotton balls or tissue to simulate chewing without ingesting calories, or using sleep or smoking as strategies to suppress appetite and avoid eating."

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