Prof Sam Vaknin
Prof Sam Vaknin
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Adler: Narcissism is Social, Striving for Superiority, Excess Self-efficacy (Contra Freud)

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February 8, 2026

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Adler, Alfred (1870–1937)’s individual psychology emphasizes: 1. The impact of society and other people on individual development and lifestyle (personality); 2. The role of the intolerable inferiority complex that drives us to 3. Striving to become superior via attainments and accomplishments or via pathological superiority (excess self-efficacy, aka narcissism).

LITERATURE

(From Freud's World: An Encyclopedia of His Life and Times by Luis A. Cordón, Greenwood, 2012):

Adler, A. (1917). Study of Organ Inferiority and Its Psychical Compensation . New York: Nervous and Mental Disease Publishing Company.

Adler, A. (1959). The Progress of Mankind. In K. Adler and D. Deutsch, eds. Essays in Individual Psychology. New York: Grove, pp. 3–8.

Adler, A. (1964). Social Interest: A Challenge to Mankind. New York: Capricorn Books.

Freud, S. (1914/1957). On the History of the Psycho-Analytic Movement. Standard Edition, 14. London: Hogarth Press, pp. 7–66.

Freud, S. (1963). Psychoanalysis and Faith: The Letters of Sigmund Freud and Oskar Pfister (Translated by E. Mosbacher). London: Hogarth Press.

Freud, S. (1965). A Psycho-Analytic Dialogue: The Letters of Sigmund Freud and Karl Abraham (Translated by B. Marsh and H. Abraham). New York: Basic Books.

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Guests & Subjects Covered

AdlerAdler AlfredHis LifeLuis A Cordn GreenwoodAdler AOrgan InferiorityIts Psychical CompensationNew York Nervous

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Adler: Narcissism is Social, Striving for Superiority, Excess Self-efficacy (Contra Freud) · Prof Sam Vaknin · Sentinel