Treaty of Westphalia in Urdu/Hindi

The Treaty of Westphalia was signed in October and May 1648. This treaty formally initiated the beginning of International Relations. This is also known as the Peace of Westphalia. This consists of two treaties known as the Treaty of Munster and the Treaty of Osnabruck. Some time Treaty of Pyrenees is also included in this category. Ruler’s religion was the basic assumption of this treaty. Protestants and Catholics were considered equal before the law. This treaty resolved many territorial disputes. The Independence of Switzerland was accepted. France took control of many cities. Sweden was also the big beneficiary of this treaty. Those Catholics and Protestants who were in minority in any principality were given the freedom to exercise their own beliefs.

Most importantly this treaty ended the thirty-year war which started in 1618 and lasted the date of this treaty. And then this treaty ended the Eighty Year war which started from 1568. At that time the Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire was Ferdinand lll, who was a catholic and wanted Catholicism to prevail. This treaty has a great significance in International Relations. The principle of Sovereignty and political self-determination was accepted. Legal equality between states were accepted. Non-interference in the internal affairs of states was prohibited.

To watch more videos you can click on the following links:

Treaty of Versailles

Treaty of Sevres

Causes of World War 1

Causes of World War 2

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