Khilafat Movement in Urdu/Hindi

Khilafat movement was the Pan-Islamic movement in India. The Indian Muslims showed their solidarity with the Turkish fellow Muslims. This movement is also known as the Indian Muslim Movement. Maulana Muhammad Ali Jauhar and Maulana Shaukat Ali Jauhar initiated this movement along with Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad. The movement started after Allied forces applied the Treaty of Sevres to the Ottoman Empire. Its humiliating terms were the reason for this movement. Being a Caliph the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire was the sole religious and political leader of all Muslims. To run the affairs of the khalifate movement a khalifate committee was created by Ali brothers. In 1920, it published its manifesto in which the protection of Khalifa was required from Britain. In 1920 there was also an alliance between the Khilafat movement and Indian National Congress. They started a civil disobedience movement and non-cooperation movement with the government. This included boycotting legislative councils, government schools and colleges, foreign goods and surrender of titles. The movement was collapsed after the victory of Mustafa Kamal who replaced the treaty of Sevres with the Treaty of Lausanne. Muslims of India were also divided on different grounds. The importance of this movement lies in the fact of its Pan-Islamic nature.

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