Historical Structure in Urdu / Hindi

Structuralism is a broad concept in International Relations which prioritize the plight of the poor, marginalized and oppressed people in the world. The Fundamental Unit in structuralism is social class, not state. it states that, the states and international institutions play a role in managing the global capitalist economic order.

The origin of Structuralism is from Karl Marx. He identified “Capitalism” as the broad structure in the world economy. In a capitalism society, people do not own what they produce, because they have no means of production. He gave the “labor theory of value” and concept of “surplus value”. Marx predicted that, capitalism would soon collapse due to its inherent contradictions. The French Revolution is one example of structural change. Marx argued that, Colonialism is the extreme form of capitalism. The “Dependency Theory” and “World System Theory” are best to explain the working and nature of Capitalist economy. All this when we combine, makes such structure, in which poor are bound to be poor. The elite class always took advantage and benefits from this class difference and rule.

By “Historical Structuralism” Marx means the structure that prevailed during the Feudal society. Marx believed that societies no just consist of individuals but of individuals who occupy certain economically determined categories. For Marx this category is important and the relation between them. During feudal society, a peasant died peasant and a feudal died feudal. There was a little change for poor or peasants to change their fundamental positions.

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