What is Cause Group and Faction | Political Science |

Pressure Group:

Pressure groups have been there throughout human history. They have existed in one form or another. But in modern times they have become so prominent. There are many reasons for this. One of the reasons for this is that pressure groups have gained much say in the modern democracy era. Pressure groups are more effective in democracies than in dictatorships or autocracies. Through pressure groups, individuals fulfil their personal needs and wishes. They aggregate their interests and then present them to the authorities. If authorities do not accept their demands then they will apply pressure to them. Hence, it will become a pressure group. We can define a pressure group as a “group of individuals organized for promoting their special economic or some other interest by influencing the government or a public officer.” There are different means a pressure group uses to apply pressure. This includes agitation, persuasion, and gaining public opinion in their own favour. Kissan Itehad from Pakistan and All India Kisan Sabha from Pakistan is an example of this.

Interest Group:

A pressure group may also be called an interest group. When an interest group applies pressure it becomes a pressure group. We can define an interest group in the following way. “any conscious desire to have government policy or the authoritative allocation of values, move in a particular general or specific direction.” Hence, the main difference between a pressure group and an interest group is that the interest group concerns itself with the government policy and not with applying pressure. Pakistan Business Council and Federation of Indians Chambers and Commerce and Industry is an example of this.

Lobby:

A lobby is a special type of pressure group which works within a legislature. The men of the lobby know the inner workings of a legislature. They know how policies are made and how to convince the lawmakers to make a certain policy in a way they want them. They are mostly concerned with the allocation of budget to a specific cause. One of the most powerful lobbies in the world is that of Israel’s lobby.

Cause Group:

A cause group may be defined as “A pressure group or interest group which seeks to promote some cause not of direct benefit to its members but of general benefit for all.” Hence, the members of a cause group are not motivated by personal gains. Their purpose is not self-interest. They work for the betterment of all. Women's March (Aurat March) in Pakistan is an example of this.

Faction:

A faction works within a political party. It may consist of one member or many members. These members fulfil their interests by influencing the key members of a political party.

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