Divine Origin Theory of State

The theory of the divine origin of the origin of the state is as old as the political thought is. In ancient times, it was believed that God created the state as he created everything else. He also made certain persons rule over the others. For example, in ancient Egypt, the kings were god-kings. In the Middle Ages, kings were known as the shadow of god on earth. In the early modern period, the theory was proposed by King James 1 and Sir Robert Filmer. However, with the rise of the social contract theory, the theory of divine origin lost its significance.

The theory is based on the three main ideas. First, the State is created by God, second, kings are divinely appointed, and third, they are answerable to god alone for their rule and not to any human authority. Furthermore, the theory believed that the state and its institutions are divinely created. To disobey the king is not only unlawful but it is a sin. To disobey a king is to disobey god. Since kings are appointed by God, they are answerable to god only.

The theory also has certain defects. These include the following: the state is a human and not a divine institution, the king can have no divine right to rule, the theory leaves the people at the mercy of the king, and the theory does not tell us about the succession or overthrow of kings by others.

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