Dr John Campbell
Dr John Campbell
@campbellteaching·3.3M subscribers·3.1K videos

Air Pollution

Posted

May 31, 2020

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Air pollution

All-Party Parliamentary Group on Air Pollution

80% of people in urban areas are exposed to air pollution that is higher than WHO limits

40,000 deaths a year (rate of 25.7 p/100,000 compared to 0.4 in Sweden)

Strongly linked to cancer, heart disease, strokes

It affects the most vulnerable and poorest people

Children are 11% more exposed

How particulates harm the heart

Remain in bloodstream for at least three months

Worsen the build-up of atheroma

Affect the normal electrical functioning of your heart.

Air pollution and case fatality of SARS in the People's Republic of China: an ecologic study

Case fatality rate increased with air pollution index

Moderate API verses low API areas, 84% increased risk of dying (RR 1.84)

High API verses low API areas, more than double risk of dying (RR = 2.18)

Results were similar for short and long term exposure

Cut air pollution to help avoid second coronavirus peak (APPG)

It is increasingly likely that air pollution increases vulnerability to Covid-19 infection

Short-term exposure of airway cells to micro particulates causes a highly significant increased the number of the ACE2 receptors

Coronavirus detected on particles of air pollution

Similar results for nitrogen dioxide

Correlations between air pollution and death rates from COVID-19

Air pollution and Covid-19 are even more dangerous together

How air pollution exacerbates Covid-19

Outdoor air pollution kills 4.2millin per year

Predisposing the people who have lived with polluted air for years

Particles may be acting as vehicles for viral transmission

Harvard School of Public Health study

3,080 counties in the US, long-term pollution exposure for 15-20 = years significantly higher mortality rates

Heart effects

Lung effects

Air pollution reduced immunity, European Alliance of Public Health,

Outsized effect in the US

An increase of 1 microgram per cubic metre corresponds to a 15% increase in COVID deaths.

US Environment Protection Agency limit 12 micrograms of PM 2.5s

WHO guidance figure is 10 micrograms per cubic metre

New York is often above this ‘safe’ limit

Can atmospheric pollution be considered a co-factor in extremely high level of SARS-CoV-2 lethality in Northern Italy?

Polluted areas = chronic respiratory conditions

Chronic inflammatory, even in young and healthy

Predisposed to a particular infection

Hotspot correlation

Air pollution and case fatality of SARS in the People's Republic of China: an ecologic study

Air pollution index (API)

High to low 86% increase in deaths

Particulate matter, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide and ground-level ozone

Lockdown reductions

44% in Wuhan

54% in Seoul

60% in New Delhi

Milan 45Km

Rome 150Km

Guests & Subjects Covered

All-Party Parliamentary GroupAir PollutionSweden StronglyPeople's RepublicModerate APIHigh APIAPPG ItCOVID- Air

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