APUSH Unit 1 REVIEW (Period 1: 1491-1607)—Everything You NEED to Know

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In this video Heimler walks you through all that you need to know to review for AP U.S. History (APUSH) Unit 1. This period covers the time period 1491-1607 and focuses on native America and initial contact with Europeans.

Before the Europeans arrived, Native Americans had developed complex and diverse societies ranging from the coastal farming villages built by the Chinook, to the Mississippian farmers like the Cahokia, to the family-based kinship networks of the Iroquois, to the great city-based civilizations of the Maya and Incas.

Each of these peoples traded with each other and borrowed, to some degree or another, technology, beliefs, and food (perhaps the most significant of which being maize).

The first Europeans to arrive in the Americas were sponsored by the Spanish monarchs Ferdinand and Isabella, and led by Christopher Columbus. When they arrived, the Columbian Exchange kicked into high gear both benefitting and harming both the western and eastern hemispheres.

The Spanish quickly established the encomienda system of forced labor and established a new social hierarchy enshrined in the Casta System, which organized colonists, natives, and enslaved Africans into a caste-like hierarchy for the purposes of taxation.

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