March 17, 2026
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A million-year-old human skull found in China suggests that our species, Homo sapiens, began to emerge at least half a million years earlier than we thought.
At least, that's what researchers are claiming in a new study.
The scientists claim their analysis "totally changes" our understanding of human evolution and, if correct, it would certainly rewrite a key early chapter in our history. It also shows that we co-existed with other sister species, including Neanderthals, for much longer than we've come to believe, they say.
The new analysis of Yunxian 2, which has been reviewed by experts independent of the research team, suggests that it is not Homo erectus.
It is now thought to be an early version of Homo longi, a sister species at similar levels of development to Neanderthals and Homo sapiens.
Genetic evidence suggests it existed alongside them, so if Yunxian 2 walked the Earth a million years ago, say the scientists, early versions of Neanderthal and our own species probably did too.
This startling analysis has dramatically shifted the timeline of the evolution of large-brained humans back by at least half a million years, according to Prof Chris Stringer of the Natural History Museum, a co-lead on the research.
He said there are likely to be million year-old fossils of Homo sapiens somewhere on our planet - we just haven't found them yet.
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