What is State in Urdu/Hindi

“The State is the politically organized people of a definite territory,” said Bluntschli. Woodrow Wilson defined it, “A people organized for law within a definite territory”. French King Louis XIV famously said, “L’etat, c’est moi” which means “I am the State”. The Marxist view is in terms of Socio-Economic perspectives. According to this perspective, the State is a political organization for the ruling class. This class use power to restrict those who are their enemies. Frederick Engel’s defined state as, “State is a particular power of suppression”.

There are four essential elements of the State. This includes Population, Land or territory, Government and Sovereignty.

The population is very essential to any state. in fact there is nothing possible if there are no men. The state is an association of men living together. The population of a state is of three types. This includes full members, subjects or nationals and non-permanent members. Plato restricted the number of population to 5040. Aristotle proposed it to be between 10,000-100,000 and Rousseau restricted it to 10,000. But in modern times we can see highly populated states like China and India and less populated like Panama and Albania.

The territory is the second physical basis of a State. when people live together they form Community of Interests and there emerges a sense of Patriotism. The Jews of Europe were stateless unless they with the help of America and Britain formed Israel in the place of Palatines. Muslim of India before partition did not have a state. in 1947 they got their state. the size of the state should be in accordance with the population and natural resources of that state. usually, the larger states have large natural resources and can contribute to the economy.

The government is a machinery of any state. the state is nothing if there is no government. The government administers the state, keeps law and order, formulate its policy and organize its people.

The fourth essential element of a state is Sovereignty. It is supreme, original and unlimited power exercised over all persons and associations. A sovereign state is independent of any outside power. Internal sovereign state exercise power within the binderies of a state and external sovereign state is free from any outside power and control.