Era of Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto in Urdu/Hindi

Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto was the first elected Prime Minister of Pakistan. He was born in Sindh on 5 January 1928. He served as the minister of commerce, minister of water and power and communication. In 1963, he became foreign minister Pakistan under Ayub’s cabinet. He was a socialist and wanted close relations with China and Russia. In 1963 he signed a Sino-Pak boundary agreement in which Pakistan gave some territory to China. Pakistan at the time of Bhutto supported China many a time in United Nations Organization. President Johnson criticized Bhutto for his socialist policies. Bhutto wanted foreign policy independent of the United States. As a foreign minister, he visited east and west Germany, Poland, India, and some other countries. Ayub Khan launched “Operation Gibraltar” at the advice of Bhutto. After the 1965 war and signing of the Simla Agreement, Bhutto got separated from Ayub and formed his own socialist party Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) on 30 November 1967. Bhutto became prime minister on 14 May 1973. He gave the first constitution of Pakistan. Bangladesh was recognized and Ahmadis were declared as non-Muslims. The launched a program of “Nationalization” and nationalized all the industries in the country. This was not a successful move for Bhutto and his government. Bhutto built many schools and colleges. He initiated Quaid-e-Azam University and Allama Iqbal Open University. Inland reforms, 150 acres of irrigated land and 500 acres of unirrigated land were allowed. Balochistan's military operation was done in his era. Almost 3,300 soldiers, 5,300 Baloch and thousands of civilians were martyred in this disorder. Iran and Iraq also involved in this matter. Bhutto worked fought for the rights of labors. Bhutto wanted his foreign policy independent of the United States zone of Influence. He signed the Simla Agreement in 1972 with India and recovered Pakistan’s territory and Prisoners of War (POW). He held the second conference of the Organization of Islamic Countries (OIC) in Lahore in which notable leaders among the world participated. Bhutto aided Syria and Egypt during their war against Israel. Relation with the US was not good due to his socialist policies and Nuclear program. Relations with USSR were improved. Bhutto visited Afghanistan in 1976 and in turn, Daud Khan visited Pakistan the same year. Bhutto is also known as the father of Pakistan’s nuclear program. In 1974 when India experimented with their nuclear test naming “Smiling Budha”, Bhutto became convinced that atom bomb is a need for Pakistan. In 1972 he held meeting with the scientist in Multan which assured him of Atom Bomb. He worked closely with Abdus Salam. Differences with Wali Khan and his Awami National Party (ANP) stated the era of his decline. The murder of Ahmad Raza Kasuri's father contributed most than any other factor for Bhutto’s execution. On 3 July 1977, Zia ul Haq imposed martial law and arrested Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto. After a long trial, Bhutto was given the death sentence. On 4 April 1979, he was hanged on Central Jail Rawalpindi. Zia as a president could save him but he didn’t. Libya’s Colonel Gaddafi offered Zia to send Bhutto in exile to Libya but he refused.